{"id":3362,"date":"2024-10-02T08:13:13","date_gmt":"2024-10-02T08:13:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/craterre.org\/?post_type=avada_portfolio&p=3362"},"modified":"2024-10-02T08:13:13","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T08:13:13","slug":"cachemire-pakistanais-appui-a-la-reconstruction-dhabitat-en-zone-rurale-suite-au-tremblement-de-terre-du-8-octobre-2005","status":"publish","type":"avada_portfolio","link":"https:\/\/craterre.org\/en\/case\/cachemire-pakistanais-appui-a-la-reconstruction-dhabitat-en-zone-rurale-suite-au-tremblement-de-terre-du-8-octobre-2005\/","title":{"rendered":"Pakistani Kashmir Support for the reconstruction of housing in rural areas following the earthquake of October 8, 2005"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Objectives<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n
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  • Help families affected by the earthquake of October 8, 2005 to resettle permanently in earthquake-resistant housing.<\/li>\n
  • Providing people with appropriate, safe and sustainable know-how for rebuilding their homes.<\/li>\n
  • Demonstrate at national level that taking into account local know-how and, if necessary, improving it can provide a relevant response to the populations affected by this type of natural disaster.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    Le 8 octobre 2005, un violent tremblement de terre ravageait le Cachemire Pakistanais, faisant plus de 73 000 morts et 69 000 bless\u00e9s et d\u00e9truisant pr\u00e8s de 500 000 maisons. Face \u00e0 l\u2019ampleur du d\u00e9sastre, et au manque de moyens mis \u00e0 disposition, l\u2019aide \u00e0 la reconstruction a \u00e9t\u00e9 envisag\u00e9e sous un angle novateur. ATLAS Logistique, avec l\u2019appui technique de CRAterre, a propos\u00e9 une approche fond\u00e9e sur l\u2019\u00e9tude et l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des cultures constructives parasismiques locales, prenant en compte le contexte technique, social et \u00e9conomique des populations sinistr\u00e9es. Des institutions majeures telles que UN-Habitat, la Croix Rouge Fran\u00e7aise, la Direction du D\u00e9veloppement et de la Coop\u00e9ration Suisse, ont abord\u00e9 la probl\u00e9matique de la reconstruction selon cette m\u00eame approche. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 leur forte implication au Pakistan, elles ont pu inscrire ces strat\u00e9gies dans le temps et aboutir \u00e0 des r\u00e9sultats encourageants.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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    Les cultures constructives parasismiques d\u00e9velopp\u00e9es localement depuis des centaines d\u2019ann\u00e9es dans cette r\u00e9gion r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement frapp\u00e9e par des s\u00e9ismes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 document\u00e9es. Un programme scientifique a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour mod\u00e9liser ces syst\u00e8mes constructifs parasismiques endog\u00e8nes. Les donn\u00e9es ainsi recueillies ont \u00e9t\u00e9 compil\u00e9es dans un \u00abGuide du formateur\u00bb mis \u00e0 la disposition des populations cibles et des organismes impliqu\u00e9s dans la politique de reconstruction suivant la crise. Ce guide int\u00e8gre des recommandations sur les am\u00e9liorations possibles du savoir-faire existant localement. Trois b\u00e2timents de d\u00e9monstration ont \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 con\u00e7us et r\u00e9alis\u00e9s en impliquant 40 cadres et artisans locaux qui ont pu ainsi \u00eatre form\u00e9s pour diffuser plus largement les techniques mises au point.<\/p>\n

    Dans un premier temps, la population a pris de nombreuses initiatives pour reconstruire au mieux son habitat en se r\u00e9appropriant des solutions parasismiques observables sur les b\u00e2timents les moins endommag\u00e9s. Puis dans un second temps, l\u2019Etat et les organismes internationaux venant en aide se sont heurt\u00e9s aux manques de connaissances sur les cultures constructives locales, qui par nature, sont diverses et vari\u00e9es. Ne pouvant garantir de mani\u00e8re \u00abscientifique\u00bb la pertinence de ces techniques, elles se sont finalement tourn\u00e9es vers les techniques dites conventionnelles, principalement bas\u00e9es sur l\u2019utilisation du b\u00e9ton arm\u00e9. Un important travail de sensibilisation a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9alis\u00e9 aupr\u00e8s de ces organismes \u00e0 travers le projet, mais beaucoup reste encore \u00e0 faire pour que soient mieux prises en compte les cultures constructives locales dans l\u2019effort de reconstruction au Pakistan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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    The actions carried out as part of this project were as follows:<\/p>\n

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    • Studies and documentation of local construction know-how, particularly with regard to earthquake-resistant construction cultures developed by local people;<\/li>\n
    • Compilation of know-how in a \"trainer's guide\". This guide also includes recommendations on how to improve local know-how;<\/li>\n
    • Design of demonstration buildings and training of managers and craftsmen linked to local project partner organizations during the construction of these demonstration buildings;<\/li>\n
    • Raising awareness among national and international organizations in charge of reconstruction programs in Pakistan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Results<\/h2>\n
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      • Three completed show buildings;<\/li>\n
      • A technical guide for local trainers made available to local populations and organizations in charge of carrying out post-crisis reconstruction policy in Pakistan;<\/li>\n
      • 40 local craftsmen trained ;<\/li>\n
      • An impact on the typology of the buildings rebuilt in the localities where the prototypes were built;<\/li>\n
      • The implementation of research work aimed at modeling earthquake-resistant construction systems developed in local building cultures, in Pakistan and more generally around the world.<\/li>\n
      • 1 trained institution (NGO)<\/li>\n
      • 1,000 families reached<\/li>\n
      • 3 families rehoused<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n
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        Partners<\/h2>\n

        Les artisans et cadres des organismes locaux partenaires du projet, Les populations des districts de Khuffal Garh et Hans Choki, Les organismes en charges de mener \u00e0 bien la politique de reconstruction post crise au Pakistan, Atlas Logistique, Fondation Abb\u00e9 pierre, Fondation de France, Indus Earth, Helpers Fondation, ENTPE de Lyon, ATOLLING, Monsieur Ferrigni \u2013 Universit\u00e9 de Ravello \u00e0 Naples.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Objectifs Faciliter la r\u00e9installation d\u00e9finitive sur leurs lieux de vie […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3373,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"portfolio_category":[28],"portfolio_skills":[],"portfolio_tags":[30],"yoast_head":"\nCachemire pakistanais Appui \u00e0 la reconstruction d'habitat en zone rurale suite au tremblement de terre du 8 octobre 2005 - CRAterre<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/craterre.org\/en\/case\/cachemire-pakistanais-appui-a-la-reconstruction-dhabitat-en-zone-rurale-suite-au-tremblement-de-terre-du-8-octobre-2005\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cachemire pakistanais Appui \u00e0 la reconstruction d'habitat en zone rurale suite au tremblement de terre du 8 octobre 2005 - 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