{"id":2510,"date":"2024-10-02T08:51:28","date_gmt":"2024-10-02T08:51:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/craterre.org\/?post_type=avada_portfolio&#038;p=2510"},"modified":"2024-10-02T08:51:28","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T08:51:28","slug":"conservation-des-tombes-des-rois-du-buganda-a-kasubi","status":"publish","type":"avada_portfolio","link":"https:\/\/craterre.org\/en\/case\/conservation-des-tombes-des-rois-du-buganda-a-kasubi\/","title":{"rendered":"Conservation of the Tombs of the Kings of Buganda at Kasubi"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\">\n<div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-flex-content-wrap\">\n<div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\">\n<div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\">\n<div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-div\">\n<div class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left title-heading-tag fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\">\n<p>Les tombes royales de Kasubi se trouvent au sommet d\u2019une colline au c\u0153ur de Kampala, la capitale de l\u2019Ouganda. Le site couvre une surface de 27 hectares et comprend plusieurs composantes b\u00e2ties entour\u00e9es d\u2019un vaste espace cultiv\u00e9. A chaque composante du site sont associ\u00e9es des valeurs intangibles tr\u00e8s fortes, ce qui en fait un lieu de p\u00e8lerinage culturel tr\u00e8s fr\u00e9quent\u00e9 par la population locale. L\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9ment le plus impressionnant de cet ensemble est le Muzibu-Azaala-Mpanga, une construction en mat\u00e9riaux v\u00e9g\u00e9taux de 31 m de diam\u00e8tre couverte d\u2019une \u00e9paisse couche de chaume, \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de laquelle se trouve la \u00ab for\u00eat sacr\u00e9e \u00bb, un espace prot\u00e9g\u00e9 des regards abritant les tombes des quatre souverains ayant r\u00e9gn\u00e9 sur le royaume du Bouganda avant l\u2019actuel Roi. Le site est \u00e9galement un lieu de p\u00e8lerinage le t\u00e9moin de nombreuses pratiques traditionnelles qu\u2019il est difficile de trouver ailleurs.<br \/>Ces tombes sont prot\u00e9g\u00e9es depuis 1967 et furent propos\u00e9es par l\u2019Ouganda comme le premier site culturel pouvant \u00eatre inscrit au Patrimoine Mondial.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\">\n<div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\">\n<div class=\"fusion-image-element\"><span class=\"fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-2 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-2729 lazyautosizes ls-is-cached lazyloaded\" title=\"gallery_default_559\" src=\"https:\/\/craterre.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/gallery_default_559.jpg\" sizes=\"225px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/craterre.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/gallery_default_559-200x267.jpg 200w, https:\/\/craterre.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/gallery_default_559.jpg 225w\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/craterre.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/gallery_default_559.jpg\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/craterre.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/gallery_default_559-200x267.jpg 200w, https:\/\/craterre.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/gallery_default_559.jpg 225w\" data-sizes=\"auto\" data-orig-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_3_5 3_5 fusion-flex-column\">\n<div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\">\n<div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\">\n<p>In 2001 :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Offrir une exp\u00e9rience pratique et scientifique aux conservateurs et acteurs locaux afin d\u2019am\u00e9liorer leurs comp\u00e9tences et les pr\u00e9parer \u00e0 d\u2019autres actions similaires ;<\/li>\n<li>Strengthen the role of the artisans of the Ngeye and Ngo clans, guardians of traditional techniques;<\/li>\n<li>Implementing conservation work ;<\/li>\n<li>Inscribe the site on the World Heritage List;<\/li>\n<li>Prepare a management plan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In 2005-2006 :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Carry out a detailed study of the straw roof construction industry;<\/li>\n<li>Produce a promotional booklet, postcards and posters to raise awareness of the site;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In 2008 :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bringing together site stakeholders;<\/li>\n<li>Evaluate the first management plan ;<\/li>\n<li>Draw up a new 2009-2015 management plan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In 2010 :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Faire l\u2019\u00e9tat des lieux suite \u00e0 l\u2019incendie ;<\/li>\n<li>Etablissement d\u2019un calendrier pour la reconstruction du Muzibu-Azaala-Mpanga ;<\/li>\n<li>Propose a strategy for rebuilding tombs;<\/li>\n<li>Support the implementation of the management plan.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\">\n<div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\">\n<div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\">\n<div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\">\n<div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\">\n<div id=\"project_view_description\">\n<p>C\u2019est pour pr\u00e9parer la proposition d\u2019inscription que CRAterre et ses partenaires du programme Africa 2009 furent sollicit\u00e9s, un travail qui permit l\u2019inscription effective des tombes sur la Liste du patrimoine mondial en 2001. Parall\u00e8lement, les s\u00e9rieux probl\u00e8mes de conservation des toitures de chaume furent abord\u00e9s. Ces activit\u00e9s techniques permirent de s\u2019int\u00e9resser aux valeurs, \u00e0 l\u2019authenticit\u00e9, aux responsabilit\u00e9s traditionnelles et actuelles et donc \u00e0 la gestion du bien. Travailler sur l\u2019entretien des toitures permit de comprendre le r\u00f4le primordial de deux clans en particulier : le clan Ngeye en charge des toitures, et le clan Ngo, en charge des d\u00e9corations int\u00e9rieures. Le travail sur la gestion renfor\u00e7a les liens entre les nombreux acteurs traditionnels faisant vivre le site, les responsables du royaume et les conservateurs charg\u00e9s par l\u2019\u00e9tat de suivre l\u2019\u00e9tat du bien.<\/p>\n<p>Quelques travaux de restauration et un programme de recherche sur toute la fili\u00e8re de production des toitures en paille permit en 2006 de mieux comprendre les finesses de cette technique unique, ou la paille n\u2019est pas attach\u00e9e au toit, donc facile \u00e0 changer. Le plan de gestion \u00e9tabli lors de la pr\u00e9paration de la proposition d\u2019inscription au Patrimoine mondial b\u00e9n\u00e9ficia largement de cette exp\u00e9rience de terrain. Ceci permit de faire \u00e9voluer la situation de fa\u00e7on positive entre 2001 et 2008. Les nombreuses \u00e9tudes et exp\u00e9rimentations effectu\u00e9es pendant cette p\u00e9riode ont abouti \u00e0 une connaissance d\u00e9taill\u00e9e du site et des conditions de sa conservation, et la r\u00e9vision du plan a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cid\u00e9e en 2008.<br \/>La formulation du nouveau plan de gestion 2009 \u2013 2015 a \u00e9galement b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 de l\u2019appui du programme Africa 2009 et de l\u2019expertise CRAterre. Ce plan a \u00e9t\u00e9 finalis\u00e9 en octobre 2009.<\/p>\n<p>Un incendie a malheureusement d\u00e9truit le b\u00e2timent principal le 16 mars 2010. Il ne reste rien de ce chef-d\u2019\u0153uvre \u00e9rig\u00e9 par les artisans du royaume, pi\u00e8ce unique au monde en terme de taille et de qualit\u00e9 des d\u00e9corations. L\u2019UNESCO a d\u00e9p\u00each\u00e9 une mission sur place un mois plus tard, mission \u00e0 laquelle un expert de CRAterre a particip\u00e9. La reconstruction du Muzibu-Azaala-Mpanga devrait durer au moins deux ann\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" data-fontsize=\"34\" data-lineheight=\"38.08px\">Results<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Formation de 12 personnes aux techniques de conservation dans le cadre d\u2019un chantier de conservation ;<\/li>\n<li>De nombreux travaux de conservation et pr\u00e9servation on \u00e9t\u00e9 effectu\u00e9s sur le site (drainages, murs, toitures, \u2026) ;<\/li>\n<li>The site was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 2001;<\/li>\n<li>Conservation of traditional skills, mastered by two of the kingdom's main clans; this program has helped to promote the role of the clans and their little-recognized skills;<\/li>\n<li>Acquisition d\u2019un outillage de base ;<\/li>\n<li>Two management plans have been drawn up: the first in 2000 and the revised version in 2009;<\/li>\n<li>Elaboration d\u2019une plaquette de promotion, de cartes postales, posters et d\u2019un site WEB ;<\/li>\n<li>Stakeholder roles and responsibilities better defined ;<\/li>\n<li>A better understanding of the site's intangible values ;<\/li>\n<li>Extensive historical, technical and iconographic documentation ;<\/li>\n<li>Directional signage installed in town.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" href=\"http:\/\/www.kasubitombs.org\/\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">kasubitombs.org<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-2 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/fr\/list\/1022\" target=\"_self\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">Acc\u00e9der \u00e0 la page Kasubi sur le site de l\u2019UNESCO<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" data-fontsize=\"34\" data-lineheight=\"38.08px\">Partners<\/h2>\n<p>Royaume du Bouganda, D\u00e9partement des Mus\u00e9es et Monuments, Centre du patrimoine mondial de l\u2019Unesco, Bureau r\u00e9gional de l\u2019Unesco \u00e0 Nairobi, Africa 2009, Ambassade de France en Ouganda, Iccrom, D\u00e9partement d\u2019architecture de l\u2019universit\u00e9 de Makerere, Commission nationale de l\u2019Unesco en Ouganda.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les tombes royales de Kasubi se trouvent au sommet d\u2019une [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2737,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"portfolio_category":[28],"portfolio_skills":[],"portfolio_tags":[29],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.2 - 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