Programmes
CRAterre has developed the following programmes in partnership with numerous international and national organisations, as well as NGOs.
Training of professionals
CRATerre undertakes number of activities towards capacity building:
AMACO, Atelier Matières à Construire
Centre d’excellence pédagogique sur les sciences de la matière pour la construction durable, 2012-2019
* amàco est un centre de ressources pédagogiques qui vise à rendre visible, de manière sensible et poétique, les comportements physico-chimiques des matières naturelles les plus communes, telles que le sable, l’eau, la terre, le bois, la paille, etc. Le projet a comme objectif de faire connaître leurs applications dans la construction afin de favoriser l’émergence de pratiques éco-responsables. Magie, émotion et créativité sont les maîtres mots du projet.
* amàco a pour objet la conception et la diffusion de modules de formation dont la pédagogie fait appel à des expériences didactiques contre-intuitives et à des exercices pratiques de chantier à l’échelle 1.
* amàco rassemble dans un même lieu des physiciens, des ingénieurs et des architectes et est mis en œuvre en partenariat avec l’Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Architecture de Grenoble, l’Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon, l’Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de Paris.
* amàco reçoit le soutien des Investissements d’Avenir à travers les Initiatives d’excellence en formations innovantes (IDEFI), avec une dotation de 5 millions d’euros pour un budget total de 10 millions d’euros.
* amàco est destiné aux enseignants, chercheurs, étudiants, mais aussi aux professionnels, artisans, industriels, collectivités locales, ou encore au grand public et aux scolaires.
Pour plus d'information visitez
www.amaco.org
PIRATE : Fournir les instructions et les ressources pour l’évaluation et la formation dans la construction en terre
Ce projet Européen, soutenu par le programme de financement Leonardo da Vinci (dédié à la formation professionnelle), rassemble 18 partenaires de 8 pays, dont l'objectif commun est d'introduire le matériau et les procédés de construction en terre dans la formation initiale et continue des professionnels du bâtiment.
Pour la première phase du projet, des artisans et entrepreneurs des 8 pays travaillent à décrire leurs activités spécifiques liées à la mise en œuvre et la réparation du pisé, de la bauge et des murs en briques de terre crue. Les résultats de réunions nationales sont mis en commun et discutés lors de sessions transnationales, dont la première série se termine mi-avril 2013. Les partenaires accueillent les rencontres à tour de rôle, ce qui favorise l'échange sur les pratiques d'enseignement et d'évaluation. En 2015, le projet PIRATE devrait aboutit à un ensemble d'unités ECVET élargissant le référentiel de compétences Acquis•Terre aux techniques de murs porteurs.
For more information: http://pirate.earthbuilding.eu
6 Newsletters explaining the major stages of the project and the actions of the partners.
Download the Pirate leaflet
Grains de Batisseurs
From the educational workshop “Grains de bâtisseurs” to a Large Project exploring matter
Grains de bâtisseurs is an educational and scientific workshop that brings together about a hundred projects, whose aims is to discover – through games – the physics of granular matter. These experiments, on sand, water and clay, are specially conceived to make scientific information on granular mineral materials, especially earth and, more generally, concretes (cement, clay, etc), accessible to the general public. The workshop allows participants to acquire, by way of geology and architecture, the scientific and technical knowledge of the material. It also emphasises the strong idea that one can build with what is beneath one’s feet.
For more information:
- Visit “My earth to build for tomorrow”, an exhibition at the Cité des Sciences et de l’Indistrie in Paris until August 2010
- Visit “Builder’s Grains: Building in earth, from material to architecture” an exhibition at Turbine, CCSTI of Cran-Gevrier (near Annecy) until January 2011
- Read “Building in earth, from material to architecture” by Roman Anger and Laetitia Fontaine, Belin publications
- Download videos of experiments
- See the 2004-2010 “Grains de Batisseurs” report
Documents from related projects
Heritage and local development
Sustainable protection and promotion of cultural heritage
Strengthening of local capacities and local authorities in West Africa
Objective:
The protection, management and promotion of cultural heritage represent a cultural, social and economic issue for the development of districts and the fight against poverty. The involvement of local authorities is essential in this area. This ‘AIMF’ project, carried out in partnership with CRAterre and others, seeks to strengthen the capacity and the independence of local authorities to intervene directly in development activities based on heritage qualities in their districts.
Activities:
- Research on existing training opportunities, needs and expectations of local authorities in terms of cultural heritage and sustainable development.
- Development and execution of training.
- Development of a network of “heritage cities” in West Africa.
A collaborative and shared method:
- A partnership between local authorities and training institutions to develop a pilot strategy to strengthen the intervention capacity of elected representatives;
- An international, multidisciplinary and cross-sectoral educational team;
- Training modules adapted for each country;
- A sustained willingness by the training partners to progressively integrate capacity building of local authorities into their curriculum.
- A technical tool for sharing information so as to encourage reflections on subjects of common interest.
- A programme of exploitation and dissemination of results.
For more information:
Project updates:- “Management systems for urban heritaget: what collaborations between government and local authorities and traditional custodians” Seminar, Grand Bassam, Côte d’Ivoire, 3-4 October 2011.
- “Heritage and local development” Workshops, Abomey, Benin, 4-8 July 2011
- “Heritage and local development” Workshops, Nouakchott, Mauritanian 1-5 April 2011
- “Cultural economy and heritage” Seminar, Praia, Cap Vert, 6-7 December 2010.
- “Heritage and local development” Workshops, Bamako and Segou, Mali, 4-10 October 2010
Prevention, risk management, reconstruction
Methods and strategies of prevention, risk management and reconstruction
The presence of semi-ominous strategies at all levels, from house to city, also encompassing social organisation including mythology, reveals not only the importance of the notion of reduction of the vulnerability in the process of evolution, of a local construction culture, but also the need to develop an approach so as to improve the resilience of populations in an endogenous way so that each particular situation and its responses can be studied, generated, evaluated and – in as much as possible – improved.
The goal of this programme, which is actually the subject of a first publication financed by the Ministry of Ecology, Energy, Sustainable Development and Oceans (MEEDDM) on the theme of reducing vulnerability and local development, aims at improving responses and their efficiency in post-disaster reconstruction phases, thanks to the use of well harnessed local resources (materials, techniques, knowledge and know-how).
Approach
The research is based on preventive actions and risk preparedness in difficult areas (limited economic accessibility) by working on an integrated approach so as to bring lasting solutions to reduce the effects of vagaries on local communities. The major principles of the presented models that will result from this research can also be applied to less disadvantaged areas.
- Reconstruction post séisme 2010. Mise en place de la phase pilote du projet de reconstruction de 100 maisons à Cap Rouge avec VEDEK et PAPDA
- Reconstruction post séisme 2010. Etat des lieux des différentes orientations d'intervention de partenaires haïtiens
- Amélioration de l'habitat et prévention des catastrophes naturelles dans les camps sahraouis (Tindouf, Algérie)
- Stratégie nationale pour la réhabilitation et la construction des écoles de qualité à moindre coût avec implications des communautés locales
- Programme de reconstruction de 550 maisons par Caritas Bangladesh dans la région touchée par les cyclones Sidr et Alia
- Réduction de la vulnérabilité aux inondations des populations (et de leur cadre bâti) d'Afrique Centrale et de l'Ouest : Reconstruction post-inondation, Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)
- Ardakan : Towards Community-Based Natural Disaster Risk Reduction in Iran
- Bam, Tirer les leçons de la catastrophe
- Afrique de l'Ouest et Afrique Centrale : Augmenter la résilience
- Bangladesh : Refonder les réponses de l'aide d'urgence
- Salvador : réduire la vulnérabilité des populations face aux risques sismiques
Assistance to inscribing sites on the World Heritage List
Since 1995, CRAterre has contributed in various ways to the implementation of the World Heritage Convention:
- Preparation of nomination dossiers for the World Heritage List;
- Training of conservation staff at listed sites or sites in the process of inscription;
- Development of site management plans
- Maps and documentation of properties
- Site diagnostics
- Conservation sites projects
- Site promotion
- Teaching in courses dedicated to the preparation of nomination dossiers
Ten sites inscribed on the World Heritage List have benefitted from CRAterre’s expertise for the development of nomination dossiers:
- Tombs of the Buganda Kings at Kasubi , Uganda (2001)
- James Island and related sites, the Gambia (2003)
- Tomb of Askia, Mali (2004)
- Koutammakou, the Land of the Batammariba, Togo (2004)
- Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove, Nigeria (2005)
- Kunya Urgench, Turkménistan (2005)
- Stone Circles of Senegambia (trans-boundary property) (2006)
- Parthian Fortresses of Nisa, Turkmenistan (2007)
- Cidade Velha, Historic Centre of Ribeira Grande, Cape Verde (2009)
- Ruins of Loropéni, Burkina Faso (2009)
Related CRAterre project files:
Construction and social development
Construction and social development
Homes made of local natural materials, as opposed to new urban models built with factory-made materials, conjure a negative image, associated with poverty. And yet, throughout time, the production of human settlements has been a vector of development of local societies.We work with local communities to change the negative perceptions of that housing. It is therefore through training, as a means of re-education and social rehabilitation, that we attempt to regain the understanding of legacies with a view to improving living conditions.
Approach
The next four-year plan aims to analyse a large body of projects that were developed over the course of the past years, especially in Africa, so as to be in a position to restore local methodologies and education; these would in turn ensure a better distribution of responses that contribute to social development based on the production and improvement in the quality of affordable housing.Earthen World Heritage
World Heritage programme on earthen architecture
Earthen architecture is one of the most powerful expressions of human ability to create a built environment using locally available resources. Earthen architecture is threatened by natural disasters, by the advent of urbanism, and the inappropriate use of modern technologies, as well as by the disappearance of traditional conservation practices. We must however keep in mind that over the past few years, the specificities of earthen architecture have been studied, and its advantages and qualities have been recognised.The aim of the programme is to perfect methods and techniques of improving the conservation and management of different types of earthen architecture.
Approach
A series of pilot projects serve as a base for the development of training projects and other activities that go towards the global dissemination of recognised best practices. Solutions will be developed to allow the conservation of heritage values, but also with a view to improving people’s living conditions.The actual implementation of the programme will be done in phases: Phase 1 (2007-2008) was the preparatory phase; Phase 2 (2009-2011) is focused on Africa and the Arab states; Phase 3 (2012-2014) will be focused on Latin America and Central Asia; Phase 4 (2015-2017) will be focused on Europe and Asia.
Africa 2009
For 12 years, the Africa 2009 programme contributed to the improvement of management and conservation of immovable cultural heritage in Sub-Saharan Africa. The programme was developed on the basis of the results of a needs assessment survey carried out in 1996, to which 32 African counties responded. The programme was launched in 1998 at a regional meeting on cultural heritage in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire. The programme was the result of a partnership between African cultural heritage institutions, the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, ICCROM, CRAterre-ENSAG, EPA and CHDA.
The programme was meant to achieve the following four results:
1. Improved capacity by national institutions to manage and conserve national heritage sites;
2. An improved understanding of the importance of immovable cultural heritage e and its role in sustainable development, by professionals, decision-makers, and local communities.
3. An active network of professionals who can share a common approach (vision and method), and exchange information and experiences;
4. Strengthened capacities of training institutions in Sub-Saharan Africa, with a view to ensuring the effective long-term continuation of activities that continue to strengthen them.
Africa 2009 was structured so as to benefit from activities at two levels:
- At the regional level, the “Projet Cadre” favours reflection and the progressive development of ideas, guarantees continuity within individual activities, and allows for the dissemination of results obtained by the programme. Courses, seminars, research projects, and the improvement of networking are implemented, based on the realization that the best way to treat problems is to work together, share ideas, and develop common frameworks which can be adapted to specific local needs.
- At the site level, the “Projet Situés” ensure that Africa 2009 is deeply rooted in the realities of the field while responding to specific needs of selected sites in terms of training and implementation of conservation activities.
- Conservation de James Island
- Conservation des mosquées de Tombouctou
- Réhabilitation de Leven House
- Conservation des Temples Ashantis
- Conservation des Tombes des rois du Buganda à Kasubi
- Inscription du Koutammakou, pays des Bétammaribé
- Conservation du Naa-Yiri de Kokologho
- Inscription of the Askias Tombs on the World Heritage List
- île de Saï : Formation nationale sur la conservation